Types | Prototypes of strategies |
Acceptance | Verbal apology |
Non-verbal abandoning or changes of criticized acts | |
Defensive responses | Denying having done the criticized act |
Providing justification | |
Understating the fault | |
Offensive responses | Countercriticizing the speaker |
Going against the speaker’s will | |
Avoidance | Silence |
Distorting the criticism | |
Shifting or ending the topic |