Solvent

Species

Water

Ethanol

Acetone

Remarks

HF

3.1

5.0

~5.5

Acidity decrease in organic solvents

HNO3

−1.0

−1.0

~ −1

Strong acid in the examined solvents

Metallic cations arising from alloys indicated in Table 1.

*In absence of complexing ligands, all the cations could react with bases for pH ranges from 2 to 8.

*The acidic behavior of the cations is strongly dependent 1) of their complexation, mainly by the fluoride ion, and 2) by the media used.