Treatments¹

P-value²

In vitro

In vivo

Wheat

Corn

Wheat

Corn

SEM

M

D

M × D

E_h³, mV

T0

−82

−99

−186

−171

8.97

<0.0001

0.845

0.125

T8

−182

−190

−172

−164

3.87

0.038

0.871

0.188

pH

T0

6.78

6.84

6.47

6.59

0.037

<0.0001

0.143

0.651

T8

6.23

6.42

5.75

5.93

0.062

<0.0001

0.031

0.877

rH⁴

T0

10.8

10.4

6.8

7.5

0.34

<0.0001

0.768

0.089

T8

6.5

6.6

5.7

6.4

0.12

0.028

0.098

0.235

Total VFA, mM

T0

42.8

46.5

80.4

83.1

2.83

<0.0001

0.526

0.868

T8

115.4

108.8

114.3

108.7

1.77

0.907

0.216

0.916

Acetate, mM

T0

25.1

29.6

47.3

52.2

1.78

<0.0001

0.075

0.948

T8

64.1

64.3

63.4

65.4

1.09

0.945

0.704

0.739

Propionate, mM

T0

10.5

8.5

20.0

16.7

0.92

<0.0001

0.123

0.758

T8

28.3

20.5

30.6

23.6

0.91

0.100

<0.0001

0.837

Butyrate, mM

T0

4.8

6.0

9.1

10.4

0.46

0.002

0.331

0.981

T8

16.0

17.8

14.8

14.8

0.40

0.038

0.363

0.376