Variable

Nonparticipants (n = 188)

Participants (n = 122)

t-value

p-value

Age

42.80

44.66

−1.31

0.1928

Education

6.89

7.54

−1.67

0.0955*

Experience

13.29

14.66

−1.20

0.2303

Household composition

6.51

6.55

−0.14

0.8854

Age below 18

3.16

3.11

0.24

0.8130

Age18 to 50

2.97

2.98

−0.09

0.9302

Age 50 and older

0.39

0.52

−1.51

0.1329

Land leased

0.62

0.62

−0.10

0.9167

Extension visit

1.07

1.18

−0.42

0.6777

Meeting

0.32

0.67

−2.56

0.0110**

Transport ownership

0.05

0.11

−1.64

0.1021

Farm equipment

0.11

0.06

1.74

0.0833*

Livestock

0.94

0.93

0.52

0.6031

Hybrid seed

0.10

0.11

−0.53

0.5989

Off-farm income

0.15

0.17

−0.41

0.6801

Land size used

5.23

4.96

0.39

0.6974

Output/acre

666.21

764.25

−3.33

0.0010***

Seed/acre

80.21

79.47

0.38

0.7068

Fertilizer/acre

22.45

26.15

−1.16

0.2453

Herbicides/acre

0.73

0.64

2.06

0.0402**

Insecticides/acre

0.60

0.53

1.53

0.1269

Pesticides/acre

0.39

0.38

0.25

0.8004

TE scores

0.77

0.81

−2.73

0.0067***

AE scores

0.77

0.84

−5.72

0.0000***