Country

Tested CA option

Response compared to farmers’ practice

Source

Bangladesh

Zero tillage (ZT), crop rotation with mungbean (CRM)

Increase of rice yields and net returns

[130]

Strip tillage, CRM, partial residue retention (PRR)

Lower production costs due to strip cropping; better prices for wheat and mungbean improved farm economy

[131]

ZT, CRM and Sesbania sp., residue retention (RR), green manure

Soil organic carbon (SOC) increases under zero tillage, when residue were retained; improved water infiltration; higher water availability; decreased soil strength and bulk density; improved grain yields

[132]

India

No tillage, mungbean, residue management

Increase of wheat and rice yields; higher net returns

[122]

ZT, permanent bed (PB), legume-based crop rotations with mungbean, crop diversification

Lower production costs, improved water and energy efficiency; crop yield increase

[123]

ZT, PB, legume-based crop rotations with mungbean

Positive yield responses of maize; improved energy efficiency

[124]

ZT, PB, RR, precise irrigation

Decreased water use; higher water and crop productivity

[125]

ZT, Sesbania sp., brown manuring, relay cropping with mungbean, RR

Increase of stable and labile SOC fractions; no effects on soil mineral N, but on soil microbial mass

[126]

Partial tillage and ZT in CRM, crop diversification

Improved soil properties and nutrient availability; potential to reduce external fertilizer inputs in the long run

[127]

PB, RR, CRM, site specific nutrient management (SSNM)

Positive effects of CA, SSNW and mungbean integration on water use efficiency and crop productivity

[133]

ZT, PB, CRM, SSNM

Higher system productivity, water use efficiency, and incident radiation conversation efficiency

[128]

Pakistan

Minimum tillage (MT), green manure, CRM and chickpea

Legume-based cropping sequences are sustainable and cost-effective practice in drylands

[129]