| Structure-based changes | (cont.) | Subordination-and-nesting changes | (a) The Russian law, which limits the percentage of Jewish pupils in any school, barred his admission (b) The Russian law had limits for Jewish students so they barred his admission |
| Discourse-based | Punctuation changes | (a) Swartz repaid it in full, with interest, according to his lawyer, Charles Stillman (b) Swartz fully repaid it with interest, according to his lawyer, Charles Stillman | |
| Direct/indirect-style alternations | (a) “She is mine,” said the Great Spirit (b) The Great Spirit said that she is her [s] | ||
| Sentence-modality changes | (a) The real question is, will it pay? Will it please Theophilus P. Polk or vex Harriman Q. Kunz? (b) He do it just for earning money or to please Theophilus P. Polk or vex Hariman Q. Kunz | ||
| Syntax/discourse-structure changes | (a) How he would stare! (b) He would surely stare! | ||
| Semantics-based changes | (a) The scenery was altogether more tropical (b) which added to the tropical appearance | ||
| Miscellaneous changes | Change of format | (a) Fell 1.5% (b) Fell 1.5 percent | |
| Change of order | (a) First we came to the tall palm trees (b) We got to some rather biggish palm trees first | ||
| Addition/deletion | (a) One day she took a hot flat-iron, removed my clothes, and held it on my naked back until I howled with pain (b) As a proof of bed treatment, she took a hot flat-iron and put it on my back after removing my clothes | ||
| Paraphrase extremes | Identical | (a) But he added group performance would improve in the second half of the year and beyond (b) De Sole said in the results statement that group performance would improve in the second half of the year and beyond | |
| Entailment | (a) [...] It was acquiring the “intellectual property and technology assets” of GeCAD (b) [...] It intends to acquire the intellectual property and technology assets of Romanian antivirus firm GeCAD Software Srl | ||
| Non-paraphrase | (a) The report was found Oct. 23, tucked inside an old three-ring binder not related to the investigation (b) The report was found last week tucked inside a training manual that belonged to Hicks | ||