| Variables | Cognitive of Change | |
| Model 3 | Model 4 | |
| Sex | −0.005 | 0.020 |
| Age | −0.131 | −0.262 |
| Educational Background | −0.105 | −0.095 |
| Tenure | 0.023 | 0.176 |
| Confidence | - | 0.061 |
| Hope | - | 0.014 |
| Resilience | - | 0.024 |
| Optimism | - | 0.383*** |
| R2 | 0.033 | 0.211 |
| Adjusted R2 | −0.002 | 0.162 |
| F Change | 0.952 | 4.294*** |