Disturbance characteristics | Habitat types | ||
Roadsides (n = 12) | Natural areas (n = 12) | Abandoned plots (n = 12) | |
Vehicular | |||
Dust deposition | Yes | No | No |
Automobile waste | Yes | No | No |
Anthropogenic | |||
Road construction material | Yes | No | No |
Construction debris | No | Yes | No |
Plastic wastes | No | Yes | Yes |
Human trampling | No | Yes | No |
Bio-excreta | No | Yes | Yes |