Electron

Antiparticle a+

Dirac’s positron

charge q

‒e

+e

+e

group velocity vg =

>0

>0

singular

phase velocity vp =

> 0

>0

singular

mass, m0 or relativistic m

m > 0

m' < 0 *

>0

kinetic energy

>0

<0

>0

charge/mass

<0

<0

>0

angular frequency w

>0

<0

singular

wave vector k

k×r > 0

k×r > 0

k×r > 0

momentum, p

p = h′k = mvg > 0

p = h′k = m′vg < 0

Forwards = backwards**

energy, h′w

w < 0

w0 = −m0!

<0

<0

>0

electric acceleration

magnetic acceleration***

conserved quantities

->

, ki ***

wi, ki

"in pair annihilaton

->

mi, ,

wi, ei

and creation

e-a acceleration

-Coulomb/m****

-Coulomb/|m'|

-Coulomb/m