Tie line power Deviations (pu MW)

Controller

Area

Overshoots (MW)

Undershoot (MW)

Settling time (secs)

Change in Load (+)

Change in Load (+)

Change in Load (+)

10%

20%

30%

10%

20%

30%

10%

20%

30%

HCPSO

1 - 2

0.141

0.1635

0.186

−0.1

−0.142

−0.184

15

16

16

2 - 3

0.193

0.2467

0.3004

−0.026

−0.046

−0.066

14

17

15

3 - 1

0.0523

0.0676

0.0829

−0.305

−0.357

−0.409

16

17

18

RCGA

1 - 2

0.1394

0.1527

0.166

−0.007

−0.008

−0.009

19

19

19

2 - 3

0.1324

0.1538

0.1752

0

0

0

21

21

23

3 - 1

0

0

0

−0.271

−0.305

−0.339

26

26

26

ANN

1 - 2

0.2082

0.244

0.2798

−0.016

−0.022

−0.028

31

32

31

2 - 3

0.1324

0.1526

0.1728

0

0.006

0.012

33

33

33

3 - 1

0

0

0

−0.248

−0.274

−0.3

28

31

30

ANFIS

1 - 2

0.048

0.0694

0.0908

−0.136

−0.253

−0.37

14

14

15

2 - 3

0.1092

0.0791

0.049

−0.007

−0.008

−0.009

13

13

13

3 - 1

0.0523

−0.557

−1.166

−0.156

−0.227

−0.298

12

12

12