Tie line power Deviations (pu MW) | ||||||||||
Controller | Area | Overshoots (MW) | Undershoot (MW) | Settling time (secs) | ||||||
Change in Load (+) | Change in Load (+) | Change in Load (+) | ||||||||
10% | 20% | 30% | 10% | 20% | 30% | 10% | 20% | 30% | ||
HCPSO | 1 - 2 | 0.141 | 0.1635 | 0.186 | −0.1 | −0.142 | −0.184 | 15 | 16 | 16 |
2 - 3 | 0.193 | 0.2467 | 0.3004 | −0.026 | −0.046 | −0.066 | 14 | 17 | 15 | |
3 - 1 | 0.0523 | 0.0676 | 0.0829 | −0.305 | −0.357 | −0.409 | 16 | 17 | 18 | |
RCGA | 1 - 2 | 0.1394 | 0.1527 | 0.166 | −0.007 | −0.008 | −0.009 | 19 | 19 | 19 |
2 - 3 | 0.1324 | 0.1538 | 0.1752 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 21 | 21 | 23 | |
3 - 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | −0.271 | −0.305 | −0.339 | 26 | 26 | 26 | |
ANN | 1 - 2 | 0.2082 | 0.244 | 0.2798 | −0.016 | −0.022 | −0.028 | 31 | 32 | 31 |
2 - 3 | 0.1324 | 0.1526 | 0.1728 | 0 | 0.006 | 0.012 | 33 | 33 | 33 | |
3 - 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | −0.248 | −0.274 | −0.3 | 28 | 31 | 30 | |
ANFIS | 1 - 2 | 0.048 | 0.0694 | 0.0908 | −0.136 | −0.253 | −0.37 | 14 | 14 | 15 |
2 - 3 | 0.1092 | 0.0791 | 0.049 | −0.007 | −0.008 | −0.009 | 13 | 13 | 13 | |
3 - 1 | 0.0523 | −0.557 | −1.166 | −0.156 | −0.227 | −0.298 | 12 | 12 | 12 |