Type 1 diabetes (A)

GDM or later Type 2

diabetes (B)

Non-diabetes (C)

p-Value (A and C)

p-Value (B and C)

Mean weight gain (kg)

14.1 ± 6.1

13.3 ± 5.4

14.1 ± 4.7

NS

0.03

Gestational length (weeks)

39.1

39.9

40.1

<0.001

0.001

Macrosomia n; (%)

20/61; (24.7)

127/327; (28.0)

5437/24522; (18.1)

NS

<0.001

Frequency of Caesarean sections n (%)

6 (7.4)

22 (4.8)

808 (2.7)

0.009

0.005

Frequency of vacuum forceps n (%)

2 (2.5)

10 (2.2)

397 (1.3)

NS

NS