▫ Systemic to Pulmonary Shunts (Blalock-Taussig, Modified Blalock-Taussig, Central Fistulae)

▪ Excessive pulmonary flow.

▪ Arterial Hypotension.

▪ Thrombosis.

▫ Pulmonary Artery Banding

▪ Cyanosis.

▪ Excessive pulmonary flow.