| All Patients | Propensity scores matched patients | |||||||
| Dexa N = 4531 | Methyl N = 6181 | p-value2 | q-value3 | Dexa N = 3931 | Methyl N = 3911 | p-value2 | q-value3 | |
| Length of hospital stay | 6.5 (5.2) | 7.5 (6.1) | 0.013 | 0.3 | 6.8 (5.4) | 6.8 (5.3) | 0.9 | >0.9 |
| Age | 60 (15) | 62 (15) | 0.054 | >0.9 | 62 (15) | 62 (15) | 0.7 | >0.9 |
| Sex | ||||||||
| female | 174 (38%) | 207 (33%) | 0.10 | >0.9 | 148 (38%) | 141 (36%) | 0.6 | >0.9 |
| male | 279 (62%) | 411 (67%) | 245 (62%) | 250 (64%) | ||||
| All symptoms | 5.27 (2.34) | 4.94 (2.16) | 0.020 | 0.5 | 5.05 (2.32) | 5.01 (2.10) | >0.9 | >0.9 |
| Comorbidities | ||||||||
| cardiac disease | 6 (1.3%) | 13 (2.1%) | <0.001 | <0.001 | 6 (1.5%) | 7 (1.8%) | 0.9 | >0.9 |
| chronic lung disease | 8 (1.8%) | 21 (3.4%) | 8 (2.0%) | 10 (2.6%) | ||||
| diabetes mellitus | 45 (9.9%) | 64 (10%) | 43 (11%) | 41 (10%) | ||||
| Free | 39 (8.6%) | 5 (0.8%) | 7 (1.8%) | 3 (0.8%) | ||||
| hypertension | 50 (11%) | 72 (12%) | 46 (12%) | 49 (13%) | ||||
| malignancy | 5 (1.1%) | 8 (1.3%) | 5 (1.3%) | 6 (1.5%) | ||||
| obesity | 9 (2.0%) | 12 (1.9%) | 9 (2.3%) | 9 (2.3%) | ||||
| other chronic disease | 21 (4.6%) | 12 (1.9%) | 11 (2.8%) | 11 (2.8%) | ||||
| two or more | 270 (60%) | 411 (67%) | 258 (66%) | 255 (65%) | ||||
| Body mass index (BMI)4 | ||||||||
| Underweight | 1 (0.2%) | 1 (0.2%) | 0.7 | >0.9 | 1 (0.3%) | 0 (0%) | 0.5 | >0.9 |
| Healthy | 90 (20%) | 142 (23%) | 83 (21%) | 88 (23%) | ||||
| Overweight | 188 (42%) | 263 (43%) | 157 (40%) | 169 (43%) | ||||
| Obesity Class 1 | 122 (27%) | 153 (25%) | 102 (26%) | 97 (25%) | ||||
| Obesity Class 2 | 35 (7.7%) | 41 (6.6%) | 33 (8.4%) | 27 (6.9%) | ||||
| Obesity Class3 | 17 (3.8%) | 18 (2.9%) | 17 (4.3%) | 10 (2.6%) | ||||
| Tobacco | 63 (14%) | 68 (11%) | 0.2 | >0.9 | 54 (14%) | 47 (12%) | 0.5 | >0.9 |
| White blood cells | ||||||||
| 4000 - 5000 | 41 (9.1%) | 64 (10%) | 0.6 | >0.9 | 37 (9.4%) | 37 (9.5%) | >0.9 | >0.9 |
| 5000 - 11999 | 273 (60%) | 364 (59%) | 239 (61%) | 243 (62%) | ||||
| less than 4000 | 32 (7.1%) | 34 (5.5%) | 26 (6.6%) | 24 (6.1%) | ||||
| more than 12000 | 107 (24%) | 156 (25%) | 91 (23%) | 87 (22%) | ||||
| Elevated LDH | 261 (58%) | 400 (65%) | 0.018 | 0.4 | 228 (58%) | 237 (61%) | 0.5 | >0.9 |
| Elevated ferritin | 368 (81%) | 496 (80%) | 0.7 | >0.9 | 322 (82%) | 310 (79%) | 0.3 | >0.9 |
| Elevated C-reactive protein | 448 (99%) | 593 (96%) | 0.004 | 0.091 | 388 (99%) | 385 (98%) | 0.8 | >0.9 |
| D. Dimer | 273 (60%) | 422 (68%) | 0.007 | 0.2 | 239 (61%) | 267 (68%) | 0.029 | 0.7 |
| Imaging | ||||||||
| ground glass | 175 (39%) | 214 (35%) | 0.13 | >0.9 | 153 (39%) | 149 (38%) | 0.6 | >0.9 |
| lobar | 29 (6.4%) | 44 (7.1%) | 28 (7.1%) | 19 (4.9%) | ||||
| minimal infiltrate | 134 (30%) | 160 (26%) | 110 (28%) | 110 (28%) | ||||
| Multi-lobar | 102 (23%) | 175 (28%) | 90 (23%) | 102 (26%) | ||||
| normal imaging | 13 (2.9%) | 25 (4.0%) | 12 (3.1%) | 11 (2.8%) | ||||
| Antivirals | 274 (60%) | 447 (72%) | <0.001 | 0.001 | 248 (63%) | 261 (67%) | 0.3 | >0.9 |
| Antibacterials | 343 (76%) | 445 (72%) | 0.2 | >0.9 | 302 (77%) | 301 (77%) | >0.9 | >0.9 |
| Antifungals | 52 (11%) | 46 (7.4%) | 0.024 | 0.5 | 40 (10%) | 31 (7.9%) | 0.3 | >0.9 |
| Interleukin 6 inhibitors | 38 (8.4%) | 103 (17%) | <0.001 | 0.002 | 33 (8.4%) | 43 (11%) | 0.2 | >0.9 |
| Colchicine | 128 (28%) | 127 (21%) | 0.003 | 0.079 | 101 (26%) | 89 (23%) | 0.3 | >0.9 |
| Anticoagulants | 429 (95%) | 600 (97%) | 0.047 | >0.9 | 377 (96%) | 374 (96%) | 0.8 | >0.9 |
| Fever | 92 (20%) | 135 (22%) | 0.5 | >0.9 | 83 (21%) | 84 (21%) | >0.9 | >0.9 |
| Oxygen saturation | ||||||||
| intermediate | 166 (37%) | 202 (33%) | 0.3 | >0.9 | 139 (35%) | 137 (35%) | 0.8 | >0.9 |
| Low | 197 (43%) | 299 (48%) | 179 (46%) | 185 (47%) | ||||
| normal | 90 (20%) | 117 (19%) | 75 (19%) | 69 (18%) | ||||
| Oxygen delivery method | ||||||||
| combined | 22 (4.9%) | 24 (3.9%) | <0.001 | 0.001 | 16 (4.1%) | 16 (4.1%) | 0.8 | >0.9 |
| high flow | 23 (5.1%) | 20 (3.2%) | 19 (4.8%) | 14 (3.6%) | ||||
| IMV | 18 (4.0%) | 20 (3.2%) | 17 (4.3%) | 18 (4.6%) | ||||
| nasal prongs | 195 (43%) | 192 (31%) | 160 (41%) | 147 (38%) | ||||
| NIMV | 14 (3.1%) | 29 (4.7%) | 13 (3.3%) | 11 (2.8%) | ||||
| nonbreathing mask | 92 (20%) | 137 (22%) | 83 (21%) | 86 (22%) | ||||
| room air | 38 (8.4%) | 98 (16%) | 35 (8.9%) | 48 (12%) | ||||
| simple mask | 51 (11%) | 98 (16%) | 50 (13%) | 51 (13%) | ||||