8) Rushing et al. (2012) USA	To examine the relative influence of various conceptualizations of religious involvement, above and beyond the protective effects of social support, on current and past suicidality among depressed older adults.	Design not specified NCODE, DDES, DSM-IV, MADRS, DIS, DSSI. Descriptive statistics and regression analysis.	Factors associated with less suicidal ideation were past history of suicide attempts, four religious involvement indicators, social support indicators, private religious practices and perceived social support, the latter partly acting as a mediator. Current religious practices were not predictive of retrospective reports of past suicide attempts. Church attendance, rather than other religious involvement indicators, had the strongest relationship with current suicidal ideation.
9) Rowe et al. (2006) USA	To examine the associations between objective and subjective social support and suicidal ideation in older adults receiving home healthcare services.	Cross-sectional DSSI-23, SCID, HRSD, MMSE. Regression analysis.	Lower social interaction patterns and lower perceived social support were significantly related to suicidal ideation. Lower perceived support was significantly associated with suicidal ideation. Satisfaction with one’s relationships and feeling useful to family and friends were significantly associated with a lower likelihood of suicidal ideation in the final regression model.
10) Saias et al. (2012) France	To investigate the impact of socio-environmental factors on death ideation, using data from the European SHARE cohort.	Longitudinal SHARE EURO-D12 Regression analysis.	The high prevalence of death ideation (6.9% for men and 13.0% for women) confirmed that it is linked to elders’ suicidal behaviour and thus a major public health issue. The analyses revealed a strong association between community participation and death ideation. When adjusted for depression, the model identified factors significantly associated with death ideation; being elderly, especially over 84, retired for fewer than five years, widowed and having a long-term illness.
11) Szanto et al. (2012) UK	This study assessed the relationship between social emotion recognition, problem solving, social functioning, and attempted suicide in late-life depression.	Cross-sectional SCID-IV, MMSE, RME HRSD-16, ISEL, IIP, DRS, EXIT25. Variance and covariance analysis.	Suicide attempters committed significantly more errors in social emotion recognition and exhibited poorer global cognitive performance than elders with no psychiatric history. Attempters had limited social networks: were less likely to talk to their children, had fewer close friends and did not engage in voluntary activities compared to non-suicidal depressed elders and those with no psychiatric history.
12) Vanderhorst & McLaren (2010) Australia	The study investigated the human relatedness variables of marital status, social support resources and sense of belonging as predictors of depression and suicidal ideation in older adults.	SSSCRI, SBI, ZDS, SSGHQ. Regression analysis.	The results indicated that fewer social support resources were associated with higher levels of depression and suicidal ideation. Sense of belonging to the community was not a predictor of mental health. The results suggest that enhancing social support resources in older adults could reduce depression and suicidal ideation.