|
| Before using smartphones | After starting to use smartphones | P value | ||
Irritability | none | 78 | (30.0) | 61 | (23.5) | ns |
rarely | 129 | (49.6) | 142 | (54.6) |
| |
frequently | 46 | (17.7) | 47 | (18.1) |
| |
always | 5 | (1.9) | 7 | (2.7) |
| |
missing | 2 | (0.8) | 3 | (1.2) |
| |
Difficulty concentrating | none | 98 | (37.7) | 7 | (18.1) | <0.001 |
rarely | 80 | (30.8) | 109 | (41.9) |
| |
frequently | 70 | (26.9) | 85 | (32.7) |
| |
always | 10 | (3.8) | 16 | (6.2) |
| |
missing | 2 | (0.8) | 3 | (1.2) |
| |
Lack of motivation | none | 125 | (48.1) | 88 | (33.8) | <0.001 |
rarely | 112 | (43.1) | 112 | (43.1) |
| |
frequently | 14 | (5.4) | 45 | (17.3) |
| |
always | 4 | (1.5) | 10 | (3.8) |
| |
missing | 5 | (1.9) | 5 | (1.9) |
| |
Sensitivity to stress | none | 62 | (23.8) | 42 | (16.2) | 0.005 |
rarely | 119 | (45.8) | 110 | (42.3) |
| |
frequently | 48 | (18.5) | 76 | (29.2) |
| |
always | 19 | (7.3) | 19 | (7.3) |
| |
missing | 12 | (4.6) | 13 | (5.0) |
|