| Characteristic | Variable | n | % | J-ZBI_81) (n = 27) | SOC_132) (n = 26) | SRH3) (n = 27) | ||||
| Mean ± SD4) | p value5) | Mean ± SD | p value | Mean ± SD | p value | |||||
| Male family caregivers | ||||||||||
| Age | <65 | 5 | 18.5 | 6.6 ± 4.4 | 0.511 | 77.0 ± 11.2 | 0.450 | 4.2 ± 0.8 | 0.043 | |
| 65 - 75 | 11 | 40.7 | 9.6 ± 5.9 | 73.2 ± 9.5 | 3.0 ± 1.1 | |||||
| >75 | 11 | 40.7 | 10.2 ± 6.6 | 69.8 ± 12.0 | 2.7 ± 1.0 | |||||
| Employment status | Yes | 7 | 25.9 | 7.9 ± 5.5 | 0.808 | 72.2 ± 10.7 | 0.700 | 3.4 ± 1.3 | 0.341 | |
| No | 20 | 74.1 | 9.8 ± 6.1 | 72.6 ± 11.2 | 3.0 ± 1.1 | |||||
| Treatment of disease | Yes | 19 | 70.4 | 10.2 ± 4.1 | 0.360 | 70.8 ± 11.0 | 0.216 | 2.7 ± 1.0 | 0.001 | |
| No | 8 | 29.6 | 7.1 ± 6.4 | 76.3 ± 10.3 | 4.1 ± 0.6 | |||||
| Drinking | Yes | 12 | 44.4 | 10.4 ± 5.0 | 0.152 | 70.8 ± 12.7 | 0.494 | 3.3 ± 1.2 | 0.456 | |
| No | 15 | 55.6 | 8.3 ± 6.5 | 74.0 ± 9.2 | 2.9 ± 1.1 | |||||
| Smoking | Yes | 9 | 33.3 | 9.8 ± 5.5 | 0.705 | 74.6 ± 13.2 | 0.338 | 3.0 ± 0.9 | 0.631 | |
| No | 18 | 66.7 | 9.0 ± 6.2 | 71.6 ± 9.9 | 3.2 ± 1.2 | |||||
| Hobbies | Yes | 21 | 77.8 | 8.2 ± 5.8 | 0.049 | 73.4 ± 11.3 | 0.308 | 3.3 ± 1.1 | 0.140 | |
| No | 6 | 22.2 | 12.8 ± 5.0 | 68.8 ± 9.0 | 2.5 ± 1.0 | |||||
| Sleeping hours | <6 | 6 | 22.2 | 11.3 ± 6.9 | 0.509 | 73.2 ± 12.0 | 0.726 | 2.8 ± 1.3 | 0.425 | |
| 6 - 7 | 10 | 37.0 | 7.5 ± 4.7 | 69.1 ± 13.7 | 3.4 ± 1.0 | |||||
| >7 | 11 | 40.7 | 9.7 ± 6.3 | 75.5 ± 6.1 | 3.0 ± 1.2 | |||||
| Career | <5 | 10 | 37.0 | 8.8 ± 5.4 | 0.664 | 74.1 ± 10.6 | 0.105 | 3.3 ± 1.4 | 0.253 | |
| 5 - 10 | 9 | 33.3 | 8.1 ± 5.3 | 76.7 ± 8.1 | 3.3 ± 0.9 | |||||
| >10 | 8 | 29.6 | 11.1 ± 7.2 | 66.0 ± 12.0 | 2.6 ± 0.9 | |||||
| Care recipients | ||||||||||
| Age | <65 | 2 | 7.4 | 17.0 ± 4.2 | 0.316 | 72.0 ± 5.7 | 0.550 | 3.0 ± 0.0 | 0.195 | |
| 65 - 75 | 9 | 33.3 | 8.7 ± 7.8 | 69.2 ± 14.6 | 3.1 ± 1.1 | |||||
| 75 - 85 | 10 | 37.0 | 8.9 ± 4.5 | 76.2 ± 7.8 | 3.0 ± 1.2 | |||||
| >85 | 6 | 22.2 | 8.2 ± 4.1 | 71.2 ± 10.3 | 3.3 ± 1.4 | |||||
| Relationship to the caregivers | Mother | 7 | 25.9 | 7.6 ± 4.0 | 0.467 | 73.8 ± 11.2 | 0.681 | 3.6 ± 1.4 | 0.413 | |
| Wife | 19 | 70.4 | 9.6 ± 6.5 | 72.3 ± 11.3 | 3.0 ± 1.0 | |||||
| Child | 1 | 3.7 | 14.0 | 68.0 | 3.0 | |||||
| Diseases | Dementia | 8 | 29.6 | 8.5 ± 5.9 | 0.597 | 70.8 ± 1.6 | 0.722 | 3.1 ± 1.1 | 0.842 | |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 9 | 33.3 | 11.7 ± 7.6 | 72.4 ± 11.7 | 3.3 ± 0.9 | |||||
| Neurological disease and others6) | 10 | 37.0 | 7.5 ± 2.4 | 75.0 ± 9.8 | 2.9 ± 1.5 | |||||
| Degree of autonomy7) | Mild | 8 | 29.6 | 11.6 ± 8.8 | 0.923 | 73.9 ± 9.6 | 0.320 | 2.9 ± 0.8 | 0.598 | |
| Moderate | 10 | 37.0 | 9.1 ± 4.1 | 69.1 ± 9.3 | 3.1 ± 1.4 | |||||
| Severe | 9 | 33.3 | 7.3 ± 4.0 | 75.4 ± 13.8 | 3.3 ± 1.0 | |||||