Extractant

Remark

Reference

D2EHPA―phosphoric acid

Mn removed from Co EW in the pilot Mn SX circuit continuous operation for separation of Mn from Co at pH 4.2 extraction order Zn2 (Ca > Mn > Cu > Co > Ni > Mg). Optimum pH 3 for Mn from Co at 23˚C optimum pH 3.5 for Mn from Ni at 40˚C - 60˚C.

Dry et al. [42]

Feather et al. [43]

Hoh et al. [44]

Chang [45] [46]

PC88A―phosphoric acid

Fe( III ) > Zn > Pb > Cu > Mn > Cd > Ca > Fe(II) > Co > Mg > Ni> Mn over Mg and Ni

Dreisinger and Cooper [47]

Cyanex®272―phosphonic acid

Bulong process Co, Cu, Zn and Mn from Ni at pH 6 and 50˚C Zn > Cu > Mn > Co > Mg > Ca > Ni

Taylor and Cains [48]

Hubicki and Hubicka [49]

D2EHPA

Separation of Mn from Ca and Ni

Cole [50]

PC88A

D2EHPA best with β Mn/Co

Cyanex®272

Max. at pH 4.45 D2EHPA > PC88A > Cyanex 272

Devie et al. [51]