| Subsystem | Optimisation element | Optimisation parameter | Design criteria |
| Floor system | Slab | Slab thickness Flat slab | Deflection |
| Lateral resisting and vertical resisting system | Shear wall | Thickness Layout Concrete grading Openings | Drift |
| Foundation system | Piles | Diameter and length Placing under walls Post grouting | Ultimate strength |
| Raft | Thickness | Punching shear Ultimate strength |