Metrics

Traditional authentication

Voice authentication

Authentication Factor

Single-factor authentication

Single or multi-factor authentication

Usability (Ease of use)

Moderate Easy to use but not always user-friendly

High Easy to use and user-friendly

Security

Low Vulnerable to password cracking or object theft

High

Difficult to fake or replicate voice characteristics, protection from voice spoofing attacks

Accuracy

Low Can be prone to errors or forgotten passwords

High Advanced algorithms ensure accuracy. False Acceptance Rate below 1 in 50,000

Spoofing Detection

Low Passwords or objects can be easily spoofed

High Advanced algorithms can detect and protect from voice spoofing attacks

Convenience

Low Requires remembering and entering passwords, carrying objects or possession

High Convenient as it only requires a user’s voice

Cost

Low Relatively inexpensive to implement

Moderate Requires specialized technology and software

User Acceptance

Low Due to inconvenience and complexity

High Due to easy and convenient use

Reliability

Moderate Can be affected by human errors

High Consistent and reliable

Privacy

Low Can be compromised if the password is shared or the object is lost or stolen

High Voice samples can be kept encrypted

Adoption

Moderate Widely adopted and understood, but becoming increasingly outdated in terms of security

High Increasingly adopted, but still not as widely used as traditional methods