Variable | Countrywide | Northeast | East | West | Central |
EFFt−1 | −0.0635** | −0.3022*** | −0.1351** | −0.0122 | −0.0648*** |
| (0.0260) | (0.0350) | (0.0610) | (0.0560) | (0.0140) |
Patent | 0.0367** | 0.0018 | 0.0147*** | 0.0169 | 0.2158** |
| (0.0150) | (0.0080) | (0.0030) | (0.0160) | (0.1070) |
Energy | 0.0434 | −0.0771 | 0.0138 | −0.002 | 0.2788*** |
| (0.0280) | (0.1770) | (0.0200) | (0.0510) | (0.0850) |
Ownership | −0.0794 | −0.0791 | 0.1358 | −0.0778 | −0.1882** |
| (0.0720) | (0.0750) | (0.1070) | (0.1670) | (0.0790) |
Industrial | −0.8811** | −0.1739** | −0.0458 | −0.8161* | −4.8184* |
| (0.4200) | (0.0770) | (0.3600) | (0.4610) | (2.5200) |
Urbanization | 0.0984 | −1.2804* | −0.0709 | 0.3428 | 0.9735 |
| (0.3860) | (0.7370) | (0.1400) | (0.4170) | (0.7700) |
FDI | −0.0091 | 0.0153 | −0.0091 | 0.013 | 0.0491 |
| (0.0280) | (0.0120) | (0.0160) | (0.0310) | (0.0430) |
N | 390 | 39 | 130 | 143 | 78 |
R2 | 0.0488 | 0.5857 | 0.3595 | 0.0857 | 0.1509 |