Variable

Nationwide

Northeast

East

West

Central

EFFt1

−0.0046

0.0573**

0.0177

−0.0039

0.0191***

(0.0050)

(0.0260)

(0.0140)

(0.0090)

(0.0040)

Patent

0.0352**

0.0400**

0.0126

0.0184

0.1562**

(0.0150)

(0.0180)

(0.0080)

(0.0180)

(0.0620)

Energy

0.0021

−0.076

−0.0021

−0.0002

−0.0820***

(0.0030)

(0.1010)

(0.0030)

(0.0070)

(0.0250)

Ownership

−0.0646

0.2339***

0.1166

−0.1074

−0.2287***

(0.0840)

(0.0370)

(0.0940)

(0.1750)

(0.0770)

Industrial

−0.7854**

−0.1648

−0.1138

−0.68

−4.1458*

(0.3920)

(0.3130)

(0.2750)

(0.4520)

(2.2040)

Urbanization

0.041

−0.5713

−0.1119

0.1394

0.6609

(0.3440)

(0.4330)

(0.1400)

(0.3660)

(0.6060)

FDI

−0.0108

−0.0031

−0.0023

0.0067

0.0777

(0.0270)

(0.0040)

(0.0190)

(0.0300)

(0.0660)