Reference

Year/Country

Participants

Objective

Main results

Theme

[19]

1996/UE

People with disabilities

To evaluate the association of disability and drug use

Participants aged 18 - 24 reported using heroin, crack cocaine and over 35 years reported the use of sedatives or tranquilizers. Illicit drug use is a problem among people with disabilities. Treatment programs could be accessible to these individuals.

I

[20]

2008/Sweden

Adolescents with hard of hearing

To compare the setting in school, mental health symptoms and substance use among school students aged 15 to 16

Students with hearing loss with tinnitus reported more psychiatric symptoms or emotional problems than those without tinnitus. The adolescent group with multiple disabilities had higher rates of mental symptoms than other groups. Substance use was higher in the group of adolescents with hearing impairment and multiple disabilities when compared to other groups. The use of daily cigarette was 45%, the consumption of alcoholic beverages was 41%, and use of illicit drugs was 41%. This group has about 8 times more likely to use illicit drugs compared to those without disabilities, and 4 times more likely when compared to the group with only hearing disability.

I

[21]

2009/The Netherlands

Clients with mild to borderline intellectual disabilities

To investigate the association between substance abuse, coping strategies, adaptive behavior and emotional problems and behavior in adults with intellectual disability

There is a relationship between substance abuse, anxiety, depression, aggressive behavior, antisocial personality problems, hyperactivity intellectually disabled. Substance abuse is a major problem in intellectually, disabled people. Anxiety and depression can be cause and effect of substance abuse.

I

[22]

2015/German

Students with and without hearing loss

To compare the use of tobacco among students with and without hearing impairment

Adolescents with hearing loss consume, on average, less alcohol than their hearing peers, they have less binge drinking, fewer episodes of drunkenness.

I

[23]

2013/USA

People with disabilities

To compare prevalence between persons with disabilities and persons without disabilities for different substances of abuse, and recent SA trends

Prevalence of overall substance abuse was 34% for persons without disabilities and 40% for persons with disabilities. The findings indicted a need for accessible prevention programs.

I