Variable | Model 3 | Model 4 | Model 5 |
Spread | Spread | Spread | |
Credit |
| −0.616*** |
|
|
| (−7.41) |
|
Rating |
|
| −0.623*** |
|
|
| (−6.97) |
DisSz | −0.180** | −0.164* | −0.150* |
| (−1.99) | (−1.97) | (−1.65) |
Big4 | −0.349** | −0.333** | −0.285* |
| (−2.12) | (−2.19) | (−1.82) |
Conserv | 0.298 | 0.245 | 0.400 |
| (1.18) | (1.05) | (1.58) |
VarRoe | 24.44** | 29.23*** | 32.15*** |
| (2.15) | (2.77) | (2.86) |
Roe | −1.581** | −0.868 | −0.706 |
| (−2.20) | (−1.29) | (−1.00) |
Size | −0.351*** | 0.126 | −0.0426 |
| (−5.89) | (1.48) | (−0.55) |
Lev | 0.778 | −0.625 | −0.319 |
| (1.47) | (−1.19) | (−0.56) |
CFO | −0.217 | −0.0721 | −0.0629 |
| (−0.26) | (−0.09) | (−0.08) |
CR | −0.0811 | −0.0952 | −0.0859 |
| (−1.17) | (−1.49) | (−1.29) |
LLR | −0.00103 | 0.000980 | 0.00230 |
| (−0.32) | (0.33) | (0.75) |
GDPgrow | 0.186*** | 0.130** | 0.154** |
| (2.72) | (2.04) | (2.58) |
State | −0.461*** | −0.323*** | −0.274** |
| (−3.81) | (−2.85) | (−2.21) |
Duration | −0.0652 | −0.0644 | −0.0615 |
| (−1.46) | (−1.55) | (−1.56) |
Guarantee | −0.147 | −0.261** | 0.165 |
| (−1.13) | (−2.16) | (1.37) |
Type S | 1.181* | 1.453** |
|
| (1.87) | (2.48) |
|
Type C | 1.708*** | 2.499*** | 0.325** |
| (3.12) | (4.83) | (2.30) |
Type E |
|
| −0.699 |
|
|
| (−1.37) |
Type M | 1.601*** | 2.057*** |
|
| (2.82) | (3.89) |
|
Inds | Control | Control | Control |
N | 351 | 351 | 255 |
R2 | 0.427 | 0.510 | 0.583 |