Applied techniques

Vin (p.u.)

Vax (p.u.)

(bus number)

(Reactive power)

Power

loss

Loss reduction

Base case

0.905

0.9972

-

-

200.72

-

GA

0.9554

0.9976

8 28 27

522.7 544.2 541.6

139.5

58.02%

PSO

0.9689

0.9986

6 27 29

500.8 535.2 508.1

159.4

74.96%

PSO + GA

0.9701

0.9988

8 28 29

510.6 538.7 549.4

145.32

98.6%