Obesity-associated morbidities [16] [31] [38]

In all patients with obesity?

By history and physical examinationa

Ÿ Hypertension

Yes

Ÿ Gastroesophageal reflux disease

Yes

Ÿ Asthma and reactive airway disease

Yes

Ÿ Cardiovascular disease

Yes

Ÿ Hypogonadism

Yes

Ÿ Obstructive sleep apnoea

Yes

Ÿ Osteoarthritis

Yes

Ÿ Urinary stress incontinence

Yes

Ÿ Depression

Yes

By blood tests

Ÿ Type 2 diabetes mellitus/Prediabetes (FBG, HbA1c)

Yes

Ÿ Hyperlipidaemia (LDL-C, HDL-C, triglycerides)

Yes

Ÿ Fatty liver disease (liver function tests)

yes

Ÿ Kidney disease (creatinine)

yes

Ÿ Hypogonadism (Testosterone)

Optional

Other assessments

Ÿ Fatty liver disease (Ultrasound abdomen)

Optional

Ÿ Obstructive sleep apnoea (Polysomnography)

Optional

Ÿ Reactive airway disease (Spirometry)

Optional