Sl. No | Health Hazards Attributed to Infrasound as Reported in International Published Studies (Appendix A) | Frequency | Amplitude (dB) | Corresponding Kashmir Health Problems Reported Muntazar Kashmir Mental Health Report (2015) [7] | ||
1 | PTSD | 1 - 10 Hz | 60 - 135 dB | • High rates of co-morbidity of symptoms of depression, anxiety and PTSD were found in adults living in the valley. • Heart palpitations (47%). • Approximately 1.6 million adults (41%) in the valley are living with significant symptoms of depression, with 415,000 (10%) meeting all the diagnostic criteria for severe depression. • An estimated 1 million adults (26%) in the valley are living with significant symptoms of an anxiety related disorder. • Nearly 1 in 5 adults (19%) or 771,000 individuals in the Valley are living with significant PTSD symptoms, with 248,000 (6%) meeting the diagnostic criteria for PTSD. | ||
2 | Heart Palpitation + Blood pressure decreased/decreased | 14 or 16 Hz | 14 dB - 125 dB | |||
3 | Severe depression, depression anxiety related disorders | 0.50 to10 Hz | 80 dB | |||
4 | Fear, sorrow, depression, anxiety, nausea | 0.5 to 10 Hz | >80 dB | |||
5 | Sleep disorders | 6 - 16 Hz | 80 dB - 30 dB | 59% of population suffer difficulties in sleeping. | ||
6 | Difficulty in concentration | 17 Hz | 14 dB | Having difficulty concentrating (52%). | ||
7 | Suicidal ideation | Spectral Data not Reported | Suicidal ideation was reported by 12% of Kashmiri adults. | |||
8 | Headaches | 7 - 20 Hz | Regularly experiencing headaches (62%). | |||
9 | Low in energy | 5 - 10 Hz | 100 - 135 dB | 36% report being low in energy. | ||
10 | Annoyance and outbursts of anger | All Frequencies | All Amplitudes | Feeling irritable and having outbursts of anger (65%). | ||
11 | Hearing disabilities | 20 Hz 2 Hz | 140 dB 162 dB | 5.6% in 2001 Census, 20.9% in 2011 Census (Note: Great Muzzafarnagar Earthquake M 7.6, infrasound > 180 dB) in 2005. | ||