Study | N | % Female | Ethnicities | Age | Region | Outcome | r | SE | Media Type |
Alloway et al. (2014) | 410 | 75% | 73.6% White, 9% African American, 6.7% Hispanic, 5.2% Asian | 18 - 50 | USA | EC PT | 0.03 0.05 | 0.05 0.05 | FB Chat, Photo, Video, Link |
Carrier et al. (2015) | 1390 | 58% | 46.3% Hispanic, 21.6% Caucasian, 14.7% Black, 12.9% Asian, 4.5% Other | Mage = 23.39; SD = 3.11 | USA | EC PT | −0.04 −0.06 | 0.03 0.03 | General Use |
Errasti et al. (2017) | 503 | 45.9% | N/A | 14 - 17 | Spain | EC PT | 0.17 0.11 | 0.04 0.04 | FB & Twitter Frequency |
Powell & Roberts (2017) | 100 | 50% | N/A | 18 - 58 | UK | EC PT | 0.28 0.29 | 0.10 0.10 | Duration of Digital Interactions |
Vossen & Valkenburg (2016) | 942 | 50.4% | N/A | 10 - 14 | Netherlands | EC PT | 0.17 0.15 | 0.03 0.03 | Social Media Frequency |