Pinus albicaulis symptoms of one/two-year-old needles, combination of observations in 1985 and 1986. Visible symptoms: Mottling, no clear mottling in young needles 1985.

Site number 5

Erosion of epistomatal wax

Crumbly epistomatal wax

Breaks of epistomatal wax

Particle blockage of stomata

With wax plugs

Without wax plugs

++/n.d

−/n.d

−/n.d.

+/n.d.

+/n.d.

−/n.d.

Pinus attenuata wax symptoms of one/two-year-old needles: Visible tip burn, mottling in 1985 two-year-old, no visible symptoms in 1986 needles. Figure 1(C), Figure 1(D)

Riverside botanic gardens

Erosion of epistomatal wax

Crumbly epistomatal wax

Breaks of epistomatal wax

Particle blockage of stomata

With wax plugs

Without wax plugs

++/++(+)M

+/++M

−/+M

+(+)/++M

−/?*M

+++/?*M

Pinus coulteri symptoms of one/two-year-old needles combination of observations in 1985 and 1986. Visible symptoms: Mottling, tip burn.

Site number

Erosion of epistomatal waxes

Crumbly epistomatal wax

Breaks of epistomatal wax

Particle blockage of stomata

With wax plugs

Without wax plugs

Botanic gardens

+/++

−/++

(+)/−

(+)/+(+)

+++/−

−/(+)

1

++/++

++ (fungi)/++

++/+++

(+)/(+)

−/−

−/−

2

?/++

(+)/(+)

(+)/−

?/++

?/−

?/−

3

++/++

+/++

+/+++

++/−

?/+++

?/+

4

+/++

+/+++

+++/+++

++/++

+/+

?/?

5

+++/n.d

n.d.

n.d.

n.d

(+)/(+)

+/+++

Pinus jeffreyi symptoms of one/two-year-old needles combination of observations in 1985 and 1986. Visible symptoms: Mottling, chlorosis, tip burn.

Onys summit

Erosion of epistomatal wax

Crumbly epistomatal wax

Breaks of epistomatal wax

Particle blockage of stomata

With wax plugs

Without wax plugs

++(+)/+++

−/(+)

(+)/(+)

−/−

+(+)

−/+++

Pinus monophylla symptoms of one/two-year-old needles combination of observations in 1985 and 1986. No visible symptoms.

Site

Erosion of epistomatal wax

Crumbly epistomatal wax

Breaks of epistomatal wax

Particle blockage of stomata

With wax plugs

Without wax plugs

Site 9

+++/+++

−/++

−/+

+/++

+/+

+/−

10

+(+)/no sample

−/

−/

−/

+/

+/

Pinus muricata symptoms of one/two-year-old needles combination of observations in 1985 and 1986. Visible symptoms: Slight mottling in two-year-old, tip burn.

Riverside

botanic gardens

Erosion of epistomatal wax

Crumbly epistomatal wax

Breaks of epistomatal wax

Particle blockage of stomata

With wax plugs

Without wax plugs

+++/+++

++/++

−/−

(+)/−

−/−

+++/+++

Pinus ponderosa symptoms of one/two-year-old needles (abundance +++, ++, + (+); not found −) combination of observations in 1985 and 1986. Mottling. Tip burn, except site 5 young needles in 1985.

Site number

Erosion of epistomatal Wax

Crumbly epistomatal Waxes

Breaks of epistomatal waxes

Particle blockage of stomata

With wax plugs

Without wax plugs

2

n.d.

n.d

n.d.

n.d

n.d.

n.d