Variables | Total | Sex | Residence | ||
Male | Female | Urban | Rural | ||
Subjective well-being variables (mean) |
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1) Positive well-being | 11.1 | 11.2 | 11.0 | 11.3 | 10.9 |
2) Negative well-being I | 7.0 | 6.6 | 7.1 | 6.8 | 7.1 |
3) Negative well-being II | 0.22 | 0.19 | 0.23 | 0.22 | 0.21 |
Intergenerational relation variables |
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1) Main source of financial support from children |
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1 = yes | 71.0 | 59.3 | 78.1 | 61.5 | 79.4 |
0 = no | 29.0 | 54.4 | 21.9 | 38.5 | 20.6 |
2) Give money to children (mean) | 393.8 | 585.5 | 276.9 | 601.4 | 203.4 |
3) Receive money from children (mean) | 2374.2 | 2394.1 | 2362.1 | 2642.9 | 2132.8 |
4) Usually talk to children |
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1 = yes | 61.3 | 48.5 | 69.3 | 60.1 | 62.5 |
0 = no | 48.7 | 51.5 | 30.7 | 39.9 | 31.5 |
5) Share thoughts with children |
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1 = yes | 73.2 | 60.4 | 81.2 | 71.8 | 74.4 |
0 = no | 26.8 | 39.6 | 18.8 | 28.2 | 25.6 |
6) Taken care by children when sick |
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1 = yes | 83.6 | 74.1 | 89.4 | 81.1 | 85.8 |
0 = no | 16.4 | 25.9 | 10.6 | 18.9 | 14.2 |
7) Ask help from children |
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1 = yes | 83.7 | 75.5 | 89.9 | 82.4 | 84.9 |
0 = no | 16.3 | 24.5 | 11.1 | 17.6 | 15.1 |
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Control variables |
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1) Currently married (%) |
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1 = yes | 17.3 | 34.6 | 6.8 | 18.3 | 16.3 |
0 = no | 82.7 | 65.4 | 93.2 | 81.7 | 83.7 |
2) Minority (%) |
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1 = yes | 6.0 | 5.5 | 6.3 | 5.0 | 7.0 |
0 = no | 94.0 | 94.5 | 93.7 | 95.0 | 93.0 |
3) Sex (%) |
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1 = Male | 37.6 | - | - | 40.9 | 34.7 |
0 = Female | 62.4 | - | - | 59.1 | 65.3 |
4) Urban (%) |
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1 = yes | 47.1 | 51.3 | 44.6 | - | - |
0 = no | 52.9 | 48.7 | 55.4 | - | - |
5) Age | 94.8 | 92.8 | 96.0 | 95.0 | 94.5 |
6) Self-rated health | 3.4 | 3.4 | 3.3 | 3.4 | 3.3 |
7) ADL (%) disabilities |
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1 = yes | 41.4 | 33.8 | 54.0 | 45.5 | 37.8 |
0 = no | 58.6 | 66.2 | 46.0 | 54.5 | 62.2 |
8) Household income of last year | 25,342 | 27,988 | 23,772 | 31,821 | 19,855 |
9) Education | 1.4 | 3.0 | .49 | 1.9 | 1.1 |
10) If spouse died in past 3 years |
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1 = yes | 12.1 | 12.9 | 11.6 | 11.8 | 12.6 |
0 = no | 87.9 | 87.1 | 88.4 | 88.2 | 87.4 |
11) Living with others |
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1 = yes | 80.3 | 80.9 | 80.0 | 80.8 | 79.0 |
0 = no | 19.7 | 19.1 | 20.0 | 19.2 | 21.0 |