[52]

rat diabetes induced by STZ injection

simvastatin

restored Cx43 expression and integrity of gap junctions in hearts

apoptosis of cardiomyocytes decreased

[56]

LV hypertrophy in SHR

atorvastatin

Cx43 expression reduced, gap junction remodeling suppressed in LV

LV hypertrophy ameliorated

[57]

LV hypertrophy induced by abdominal aortic constriction in rats

atorvastatin

gap junction (Cx43) remodeling suppressed

LV hypertrophy ameliorated

[58]

Ang II induced hypertrophy jn primarily cultured rat atrial myocytes

atorvastatin

expression of Cx40 increased, gap junction remodeling suppressed

hypertrophy of atrial myocytes ameliorated

Part 3: Modulation of Cxs/gap junctions by statins against tumors

[66]

ras-transformed rat liver epithelial cells

lovastatin

GJIC enhanced

transformation and tumorigenesis of the cells inhibited

rat hepatic tumors induced by ras-transformed liver epithelial cells

lovastatin

ND

tumor size decreased

[67] [68]

MCF-7 breast cancer cells

lovastatin

GJIC enhanced

proliferation inhibited, cell cycle arrested, differentiation induced

[69]

adenocarcinoma cell mixture containing WT (90%) and HSV-tk transduced (10%) cells

lovastatin

GJIC enhanced

BSE enhanced and tumor cell killing increased when co-administered with GCV

mice subcutaneous tumors induced by adenocarcinoma cell mixture

lovastatin

ND

tumor-free survival rate of the mice increased when co-administered with GCV

[70]

MLTC-1

simvastatin

Cx43 expression had no change but phosphorylation decreased and membrane localization increased, GJIC enhanced

cytotoxicity of etoposide increased