Current Epistemological Approach

Emerging Phenomenological Approach

Provides learners with 3^rd-person access to leadership by teaching someone else’s knowledge

Provides learners with direct (1^st-person) access to being a leader and exercising effective leadership

Knowing is the foundation of leadership, anchored in theories and explanations

Being a leader is the foundation of leadership; knowledge informs and illuminates

Leadership is about a person in charge who wields clout, controls resources, and has answers

Leadership is an exercise in language that reframes (recontextualizes) the occurring

The barriers to effective leadership are largely external (e.g., a changing industry environment)

The barriers to effective leadership are largely internal (intrapersonal)