| Imitation Learning | Trial and Error Learning | Autonomous Learning |
Government Interference Approaches | 1) Helping targetedly followed clearing family status 2) Promoting employment 3) Promoting combination of vocational training | 1) Urging enterprises to focus on training, and to empower the locals 2) Encouraging the locals to cooperate with foreign enterprises | 1) Encouraging impoverished population to engage in subcontracting business 2) Supporting the poor to start up businesses, and to plan tourism business initiatively |
Contents of Knowledge Transfer | 1) Strictly limited scope 2) Roughly restricted content | 1) Roughly limited scope 2) Unrestricted content | 1) Unlimited scope 2) Unrestricted content |
Basic Learning Methods | Single-loop learning | Limited double-loop learning | Double-loop learning |
Roles of Migrant Workers | Professional mentors and skills demonstrator | Consultants and troubleshooters | Advisers, Discussants |
Learning Ability | Passively accepting the specified operation knowledge and mphasizing on behavior imitation | Learning initiatively management knowledge within a limited range and training analytical skills through trial and error | Learning initiatively knowledge of management and decision-making |
Professional Ability | Being qualified to deal with basic operational work, or simple supporting business | Being qualified to carry out a part of supervisory and technical works, or set up small business independently | Being qualified to carry out most of supervisory works or operate small tourism enterprises independently |
Compensation Gap | Significant | Narrowed, but still with some distance | Insignificant, some beyond the average |
Socioeconomic Status | Exposing preliminarily to market economy, income improved slightly, and not completely out of poverty | Integrating into market economy gradually, income improved significantly, and about to out of poverty | Integrated into the market economy and culture essentially, income improved continuously and out of poverty |