| Variable | Control | Carotenoid supplement |
| Breeding females, February 10 | 979.2 ± 132.1 | 991.0 ± 138.6 |
| Breeding males, February 10 | 2235.2 ± 227.0 | 2326.4 ± 195.0 |
| Breeding females, May 3 | 993.0 ± 106.8 | 972.6 ± 102.7 |
| Breeding males, May 3 | 2365.6 ± 237.0 | 2399.2 ± 227.6 |
| Whelped females at 21 days | 1074.1 ± 120.5 | 1109.8 ± 131.1* |
| Whelped females at 42 days | 978.5 ± 120.0 | 985.7 ± 151.3 |
| Female kits at 21 days | 109.3 ± 20.2 | 114.2 ± 19.5 |
| Male kits at 21 days | 121.9 ± 23.6 | 125.1 ± 24.6 |
| Female kits at 42 days | 254.9 ± 55.0 | 265.0 ± 53.7 |
| Male kits at 42 days | 280.3 ± 66.8 | 291.2 ± 64.5 |