Sperm washing

Migration e.g. swim-up

Filtration e.g. glass wool, sephadex

Colloid centrifugation

Buffalo [76]

Ram [77]

bull [78]

Boar [79]

Stallion [80] [81]

Bull [40] [44] [78] [82] [83]

Ram [77] [84]

Boar [85]

Buffalo [76] [86]

Stallion [30]

Ram [77]

Boar [87]

Buffalo [50] [75]

Stallion [51] [88] [89]

Bull [74] - [76] [90]

Dog [48]

Bull [45] [78] [82]

Ram [77]

Boar [62] [91]

Stallion [92]

Turkey [93]

Dog [94]

Goat [69]

Red deer [33]

Donkey [70]

Brown bear [71]

Cat [53] [72]

Gray wolf [74]

Camel [95]