Variable | Mean (SD) | P1 | |||||||
Intervention group | Control group | ||||||||
Before | After | P | Dif | Before | After | P | Dif | ||
Fasting blood glucose (mg/dl) | 165.5 (51) | 148.2 (49) | <0.01 | −17.3 | 161.7 (41.2) | 167.5 (42.3) | 0.3 | +6.1 | 0.03 |
HbA1c (mg/dl) | 7.7 (0.7) | 7.2 (0.7) | <0.01 | −0.5 | 7.7 (0.5) | 7.8 (0.6) | 0.09 | +0.1 | <0.01 |
Insulin levels (mg/dl) | 9.9 (3) | 9 (2.7) | <0.01 | −0.9 | 10.5 (3.4) | 10.2 (3.1) | 0.2 | −0.3 | 0.08 |
Insulin-resistance | 4.1 (1.8) | 3.6 (1.5) | <0.01 | −0.5 | 4.9 (2.1) | 5.1 (2) | 0.2 | +0.1 | 0.01 |
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 132.3 (16.2) | 125.5 (14.2) | <0.01 | −6.8 | 129.8 (15) | 128.7 (13) | 0.3 | −1.1 | 0.4 |
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 86 (7.7) | 79 (14.1) | <0.01 | −7.0 | 81.8 (6.5) | 83.1 (6.8) | 0.07 | +1.3 | 0.2 |
Total cholesterol (mg/dl) | 178 (30.3) | 159.4 (29) | <0.01 | −18.6 | 179.3 (25.8) | 180.7 (24.8) | 0.08 | +4.8 | <0.01 |
HDL-cholesterol (mg/dl) | 41.6 (6.6) | 40.3 (6.3) | 0.1 | −1.3 | 41.1 (7.2) | 41.3 (6.9) | 0.5 | +0.2 | 0.4 |
LDL-cholesterol | 104.7 (22) | 90.8 (21.7) | <0.01 | −13.9 | 102.8 (22.9) | 103.9 (20.2) | 0.6 | +1.1 | 0.01 |
TG (mg/dl) | 173.1 (63.1) | 163.2 (49.9) | 0.2 | −9.9 | 161.6 (52.7) | 164.1 (48.8) | 0.8 | +2.5 | 0.9 |