Variables

Peak Exercise Systolic Blood Pressure

Independent Effects

(P value)

Normal

(<190 mmHg)

Exaggerated

(≥190 mmHg)

Normal

(<190 mmHg)

Exaggerated

(≥190 mmHg)

N

Baseline

Year 5

Time

Peak SBP

Interaction

81

14

61

22

Body mass index

23.2 ± 2.3

23.6 ± 1.7

23.4 ± 2.8

23.4 ± 2.7

NS

NS

NS

% Body fat

31.4 ± 6.7

29.6 ± 5.5

33.7 ± 7.6

31.8 ± 7.8

<0.001

NS

NS

Fat mass (kg)

19.2 ± 5.5

17.9 ± 4.1

21.1 ± 6.4

19.1 ± 6.5

<0.01

NS

NS

Lean body mass (kg)

38.9 ± 4.1

38.1 ± 5.1

38.1 ± 4.1

37.6 ± 3.2

NS

NS

NS

Trunk fat mass (kg)

9.3 ± 3.2

8.5 ± 2.3

9.7 ± 4.0

8.4 ± 3.4

NS

NS

NS

Waist circumference (cm)

77.8 ± 7.0

78.6 ± 5.2

78.6 ± 6.9

72.2 ± 6.7

NS

NS

NS

N

82

14

62

22

VO₂ peak (ml O₂∙kg⁻¹∙min⁻¹)

33.4 ± 6.0^a

35.3 ± 6.1

31.8 ± 5.8^b

35.1 ± 7.7^c

< 0.05

NS

NS

Resting BP (mmHg)

Systolic

114.7 ± 10.9

124.6 ± 14.1

116.6 ± 10.6

127.1 ± 10.9

NS

<0.001

NS

Diastolic

72.6 ± 7.5

77.1 ± 7.6

72.9 ± 7.1

77.6 ± 5.7

NS

<0.01

NS

N

81

14

56

22

Triglycerides (mmol/l)

0.88 ± 0.34

0.76 ± 0.22

0.92 ± 0.50

0.84 ± 0.35

NS

NS

NS

Total cholesterol (mmol/l)

4.46 ± 0.70

4.40 ± 0.63

5.01 ± 0.79

4.77 ± 0.82

<0.001

NS

NS

HDL-C (mmol/l)

1.57 ± 0.36

1.59 ± 0.34

1.77 ± 0.39

1.77 ± 0.35

<0.001

NS

NS

LDL-C (mmol/l)

2.49 ± 0.60

2.46 ± 0.68

2.82 ± 0.60

2.62 ± 0.77

<0.01

NS

NS

TC/HDL-C

2.96 ± 0.73^d

2.87 ± 0.71

2.91 ± 0.69^e

2.80 ± 0.69

NS

NS

NS

Fasting glucose (mmol/l)

4.78 ± 0.37

5.02 ± 0.34^**

4.56 ± 0.41

4.63 ± 0.32

<0.001

<0.05

NS

Fasting insulin (μU/ml)

11.97 ± 5.52^d

9.84 ± 2.31

11.19 ± 4.20^f

10.20 ± 2.17^g

NS

NS

NS

HOMA-IR

2.56 ± 1.30^h

2.21 ± 0.57

2.35 ± 0.96^e

2.13 ± 0.53^g

NS

NS

NS