Element

Meshing Element

Geometric Mesh Element

Density

Boundary conditions

2D

3D

Soil

Bedrock

X

X

Fine Meshing Towards the Structure

Single supports on the right and left; Articulation at the bottom edge

Tie Rod

Bar

Spring

X

X

X

X

Single element

/

Articulations at the junction of tie rod and sheet pile

Anchor Block

Bar

X

X

Uniform density

The points within the massif are connected to the soil

Abutment

spring

Bar

Beam

Imposed Displacement

Solid

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

/

Single element

Uniform density

/

Uniform density

The spring represents

the boundary

condition

Articulation

Articulation

Considered as restrained

at a specified

distance

Articulation

Crossbeam

Beam

/

X

Uniform density

Linear support along the sheet pile

Interface

Joint or interface elements

X

X

Same density as the adjacent soil

This element represents the boundary condition