Latent construct

Indicator

Standard loading

Cronbach’s alpha

CR

AVE

Hedonic

HD1

HD2

HD3

HD4

0.89^∗∗∗

0.95^∗∗∗

0.87^∗∗∗

0.71^∗∗∗

0.91

0.92

0.74

Utilitarian

UT1

UT2

UT3

UT4

UT5

0.84^∗∗∗

0.88^∗∗∗

0.86^∗∗∗

0.90^∗∗∗

0.84^∗∗∗

0.94

0.94

0.75

Personalization

PS1

PS2

PS3

PS4

0.84^∗∗∗

0.79^∗∗∗

0.80^∗∗∗

0.86^∗∗∗

0.89

0.89

0.68

Learning

LN1

LN2

LN3

0.88^∗∗∗

0.89^∗∗∗

0.90^∗∗∗

0.92

0.92

0.79

Perceived Irreplaceability

PI1

PI2

PI3

0.93^∗∗∗

0.94^∗∗∗

0.91^∗∗∗

0.95

0.95

0.86