32. In addition to English, I want to learn an additional foreign language in the future.

Urban

12.7

14.0

16.7

38.5

18.1

3.35

1.28

.383

Rural

14.3

6.8

27.2

22.4

29.3

3.45

1.35

All

13.6

9.9

22.7

29.3

24.5

3.41

1.32

33. I like to have chances to know other country’s culture, so I hope to study abroad.

Urban

12.7

18.1

16.7

35.7

16.7

3.25

1.28

.982

Rural

18.7

11.2

23.8

18.4

27.9

3.25

1.44

All

16.1

14.2

20.8

25.8

23.1

3.25

1.38

34. I have more difficulties in speaking and listening when I learn English.

Urban

13.6

19.5

14.5

38.0

14.5

3.20

1.28

.886

Rural

14.2

13.9

29.8

19.7

22.4

3.22

1.32

All

14.0

16.3

23.3

27.5

19.0

3.21

1.30

35. Generally speaking, most Americans are friendly, and courteous.

Urban

10.0

13.6

23.5

33.0

19.9

3.39

1.22

.274

Rural

9.5

10.2

41.4

21.0

18.0

3.27

1.15

All

9.7

11.6

33.7

26.2

18.8

3.32

1.18

36. I expect to have more practical teaching material for us to learn, because I am not satisfied with the present textbook we use.

Urban

14.0

18.6

23.5

25.3

18.6

3.15

1.31

.006

Rural

19.4

13.6

42.5

11.9

12.6

2.84

1.23

All

17.1

15.7

34.4

17.7

15.1

2.98

1.27

37. I expect to have teachers who are native speakers of English.

Urban

9.0

17.2

20.8

33.9

19.0

3.36

1.22

.000

Rural

8.1

8.1

23.7

18.3

41.7

3.77

1.29

All

8.5

12.0

22.5

25.0

32.0

3.59

1.27

38. I hope to have more English classes in school.

Urban

10.4

13.6

22.2

32.1

21.7

3.41

1.25

.642

Rural

12.3

9.2

28.4

19.5

30.5

3.46

1.33

All

11.5

11.1

25.7

25.0

26.7

3.44

1.30

39. I hope to study abroad in the summer or winter vacation.

Urban

12.2

14.5

17.6

33.9

21.7

3.38

1.30

.002

Rural

11.2

5.8

24.1

14.2

44.7

3.75

1.36

All

11.6

9.5

21.3

22.7

34.9

3.59

1.35

Total

Urban

3.32

.83

.180

Rural

3.41

.62

All

3.37

.77

III. Motivational Intensity

School

1%

2%

3%

M

SD

sig

40. If English were not taught in school, I would:

1) Not bother learning English at all. 2) Pick up English in everyday situations (i.e., read English books and newspapers, try to speak it whenever possible, etc.) 3) Try to obtain lessons in English somewhere else.

Urban

22.6

47.5

29.9

2.08

.74

.484

Rural

22.4

42.0

35.6

2.13

.75

All

22.5

44.4

33.1

2.11

.74

41. When I have a problem understanding something we are learning in English class, I: 1) Just forget about it. 2) Only seek help just before the exam. 3) Immediately ask the teacher for help.

Urban

14.0

22.1

64.0

2.50

.72

.000

Rural

7.1

12.9

80.0

2.72

.58

All

10.1

16.8

73.1

2.63

.65

42. Considering how I study English, I can honestly say that I: 1) Will pass on the basis of sheer luck or intelligence because I do very little work. 2) Do just enough work to get along. 3) Really try to learn English.

Urban

11.8

37.6

50.7

2.38

.68

.841

Rural

15.6

31.2

53.2

2.37

.74

All

14.0

33.9

52.1

2.38

.71