Title	Year	Authors	Conceptual Frame work	Design	Findings	Gaps
1. Using Archaeological Methods in Cemetery Surveys with Emphasis on the Application of Lidar	2012	Sarah L. Weitzman	Explicit independent variables and dependent variables that is cost effectiveness, time efficiency, data accuracy and quantity of data.	Use of survey methods Mapping, LiDAR, Total Station, GPS	The use of LiDAR scan was not cost effective. However, tined to be resourceful to use in a cemetery survey.	The study found that other method needed to be used to come up with effective and accurate results.
2. Mapping a Community Cemetery-Collecting Tangible and Intangible Heritage Resources	2011	Whitney Goodwin Dr. Jackson	Independent variables and dependent variables that is cost effectiveness, time efficiency.	Mapping of the cemetery using a compass Photographic recording of all graves, gravestones, and use of GIS to make a database. -Mapping of the cemetery using a measuring tape on family graves	Use of cameras was effective to capture the tomb stones	The study found that mapping need to be used by using modern technologies such as mobile Apps
3. Using Information Communication Technology (ICT) Tools in Managing Customary Land, Demarcation, Conflict and Tenure Data in Developing Countries: A Case Study of Zambia	2016	Annie Mporokoso1, Jackson Phiri	Use of mobile Application Architecture (GPS).	A mixed approach of qualitative and quantitative survey methods was conducted. Interviews and questionnaires.	The result of the study found that land history and land administration are believed to be kept by people who have lived longer in the chiefdom and future generation.	The study found that the researcher only concentrated on customary land
4. Systems and methods for providing a Database of past life information using a virtual cemetery, virtual tomb and virtual safe Organizational Paradigm	2007	Shane D. Mattaway, Coral Gables, FL	Computer system use of Web cemeteries, web vaults, web tombs and web safes	Mixed approach was used by using survey method, which is qualitative and quantitative by calculating the family tree burial grounds.	Computer system of Web safes Web vaults for storing multimedia information associated with lives proved effective.	The study found that the computer web system only concentrated on the mapping and recording of family trees
5. Compacting Anglo-Saxon cemetery data Research Centre for Computer Archaeology, North Staffordshire Polytechnic	1987	Jeremy Huggett	Independent variables and dependent variables which is substitution and comparison	Quantitative method. A Compaction technique was used in the saving and storage of data	The hard drive used to store data proved expensive. -Hard drive disc space was running out and it was difficult to interpret data held on file	The study concentration was on data management and not data mapping.
6. E-Cemetery Portal: A Tool for Digitizing the Cemetery Culture in Malaysia	2018	Thien Ee Sien and Chandra Reka Ramachandiran		Questionnaires were administered using the user’s online form. Use of RAD (Rapid Application Design) and Extreme Programming (XP) model	RAD is more cost effective compared to the and Extreme Programming (XP) model-digitalizing the cemetery management work able to help by using the portal as well as speed up the process of working.	The researcher did not pay attention on the mapping and business concept.
7. Arlington National Cemetery Explorer	2015	Ben Sober	Independent and dependent-Which is creation o and application	Qualitative-use of Survey methods: mobile phones, Geographical information system (GIS) and ANC Explorer	ANC Explorer provided a good business operation	ANC Explorer gave mismanagement and misguided land mark for the cemeteries because it does not provide proper mappings
8. Mobile Augmented Reality for Bukit Brown Cemetery Navigation		Owen Noel Newton Fernando Chamika Deshan Natalie Pang Ryohei Nakatsu		Use of quantitative and qualitative method. Clustering technique was applied.	The researcher found that mobile augmented enable individual integration	The researcher could not show that the graves would be mapped
9. Historical Identification and Mapping	2005	Mario DELAPENA	Use of tables to illustrate independent and dependent variables	Survey methods and cross section method was used-Use of Global position system (GPS), Digital cameras	Control of the site was deemed necessary to verify the boundaries of the portion of cemetery mapped and observe. Captured were in the right area.	The researcher found that the mapped cemetery information could not be used as a shared application medium and model.
10. Proposal for improving records management practices of traditional institutions in Ga Molepo, South Africa.	2016	Mahlaga J. Molepo	Theoretical frame work was develop to illustrate the researchers work of relationship between headmen/women which they have with senior leadership	Quantitative methods use of cross-sectional survey and questionnaires.	No real records management practices were put in place	The study found that mapping was not really considered
11. Designing contemporary landscapes to Solve modern issues in Cemeteries	2010	Higgins. A. J	The study applied modern landscape issues of sustainability, community open space and used Deming and Swaffield’s Landscape Architecture Research as a guide model.	The study adopted Historical interpretive research methods along with research from secondary sources built a foundation of information to interpret cemetery design development through time.	Use of conventional tools in grave zoning are ineffective toward solving contemporary land scaping issues.	The study found that applying the modern landscape issues of sustainability, Community open space and respecting was loosely discussed, hence the need to study this area in detail.
12. Good Practices in Cemeteries Management	2016	SALGA	The study made use of thematic approach to interpret qualitative data and segregate between independent and dependent variables	Use of desk survey methods of literature review and interviews	The study identified a number of challenges in cemetery management at both the macro level, with issues such as funding and long-term sustainability, and the micro level, in terms of administration and operations.	The study focused much on issues and challenges affecting record management and less of model to improve it.
13. Assessment of factors affecting records management on procurement performance. A case study	2017	OMAE. D.K	study accompanied by a graphical or visual depiction of the major variables of the study. A conceptual framework shows the relationship between independent and dependent variable.	The study adopted purposive sampling technique to get procurement officers, assistant procurement officers and employees from accounts departments who participated in the tendering process	It was revealed that information communication technology is the first important factor that affects records management in public institutions.	The study by Omae, focused on the use of ICT in record management the cause of failures, thus, a new study is need that will address ICT technology with cemetery record management and access to services.
15. Urban cemetery planning and the conflicting role of local land regional interests.	2015	Bennett, P.J. D		This study adopted a thematic desktop research, which made use of secondary data.	The study revealed that regionally based planning and assessment must play the dominant role in considering this land use to balance what appears to be emotive community response to what is an essential activity within the urban fabric.	The researcher was too general, did not describe as to which planning tool could best be used to improve planning and effective land use.