Sample

BE Pd 3d3/2 (eV)

BE Pd 3d5/2 (eV)

Oxidation state

Pd (%)

CeZr8

342.1

336.8

Pd2+

0.02

CeZr4

342.3

337.0

Pd2+

0.02

CeZr2

341.4

336.5

Pd2+

0.02

CeZr0

341.4

336.4

Pd2+

0.02