| Foot at Risk |
| Diabetic Foot Ulcer (DFU) |
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| No Risk n = 90 (%) | Presence Risk n: 112 (%)* | Total n: 202 (%) | p | No DFU n: 219 (%) | Presence DFU n: 30 (%) | Total n: 249 (%) | p | ||||||
Skin Problems |
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Dry Skin | 12 | (13.3) | 22 | (19.6) | 34 | (16.8) | 0.261 | 36 | (16.4) | 13 | (43.3) | 49 | (19.7) | 0.001 |
Callus, Corn, Fissure | 34 | (37.8) | 45 | (40.2) | 79 | (39.1) | 0.773 | 90 | (41.1) | 16 | (53.3) | 106 | (42.6) | 0.239 |
Tinea Pedis | 25 | (27.8) | 34 | (30.4) | 59 | (29.2) | 0.756 | 63 | (28.8) | 10 | (33.3) | 73 | (29.3) | 0.670 |
Nail Problems |
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Nail Deformity | 33 | (36.7) | 44 | (39.3) | 77 | (38.1) | 0.771 | 85 | (38.8) | 17 | (56.7) | 102 | (41.0) | 0.075 |
Onychomycosis | 57 | (63.3) | 76 | (67.9) | 133 | (65.8) | 0.552 | 146 | (66.7) | 24 | (80.0) | 170 | (68.3) | 0.151 |
Forefoot Deformity† | 0 | (0.0) | 79 | (70.5) | 79 | (39.1) | 0.000 | 87 | (39.7) | 15 | (53.6) | 102 | (41.3) | 0.221 |
Ankle Brachial Index‡ | 1.04 | ±0.95 | 0.95 | ±0.14 | 0.99 | ±0.13 | 0.000 | 0.99 | ±0.13 | 0.97 | ±0.18 | 0.99 | ±0.13 | 0.529 |
Abnormal (<0.9 or >1.3) | 0 | (0) | 34 | (30.4) | 34 | (16.8) | 0.000 | 36 | (16.4) | 8 | (26.7) | 44 | (17.7) | 0.200 |
Normal (0.9 - 1.3) | 90 | (100) | 78 | (69.6) | 168 | (83.2) | 183 | (83.6) | 22 | (73.3) | 205 | (82.3) | ||
Toe Brachial Index | 0.47 | ±0.18 | 0.45 | ±0.15 | 0.46 | ±0.17 | 0.423 | 0.47 | ±0.17 | 0.41 | ±0.17 | 0.46 | ±0.17 | 0.081 |