Spontaneous (n = 198)

Indicated (n = 91)

P value

Maternal characteristics

Age (year)*

31.97 ± 4.40

33.48 ± 4.03

0.006

GAD (week)*

35.2 ± 0.8

35.6 ± 0.8

<0.001

GAD (weeks)

34 weeks

71 (35.9)

16 (17.6)

<0.001

35 weeks

76 (38.4)

27 (29.7)

36 weeks

51 (25.8)

48 (52.7)

Nulliparity (%)

109 (55.1)

50 (54.9)

0.987

Diabetes (%)

19 (9.6)

10 (11.0)

0.714

Delivery mode

Spontaneous vaginal delivery (%)

102 (51.5)

10 (11.0)

<0.001

Vacuum delivery (%)

10 (5.1)

0 (0)

Cesarean section (%)

86 (43.4)

81 (89.0)

Neonatal characteristics

Birth weight (kg)*

2.46 ± 0.35

2.26 ± 0.47

<0.001

Male (%)

116 (58.6)

43 (47.3)

0.072