Author and Country

Size and Type

Sawdust Composite Mix

Compressive

Strength at 28 Days

Ravindrarajah et al. [52] .

Australia

100 mm dia. × 200 mmhigh cylinders

Mixes of cement, fly ash, sand, sawdust, calcium chloride, lime and water with sawdust contents ranging from 3% to 12%

13 MPa produced from sawdust content of 12% which produced concrete density of 1520 kg/m³

Dadzie et al. [53] .

Ghana

100 × 100 × 100 mm cubes

Sawdust, sand, cement batched by volume to a mix proportion of 1:6 (cement to sand) at a constant water cement ratio of 0.5. Sand replaced with 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% sawdust

3.04 MPa at 10% replacement.

(greater than the BS 6073 minimum of 2.8 MPa)

Boob [54] .

India

100 × 100 × 100 mm cubes

1:4 (cement: sand + sawdust)-sawdust replacement of 0%, 5%, 10%, 15% & 20%.

1:6 (0%, 5%, 10%, 15% & 20% sawdust replacement)

1:8 (0%, 5%, 10%, 15% & 20% sawdust replacement)

4.5 MPa from the 1:6 (cement: sand + sawdust) (85% sand + 15% sawdust)

Zziwa et al. [60] .

Uganda

50 × 50 × 50 mm and 100 × 100 mm cubes

Both sizes made with sawdust to cement ratios of 3:2 and 2:1

Mean compressive strength of 1.61 MPa and 1.99 MPa for 50 × 50 × 50 mm blocks with sawdust to cement ratios of 3:2 and 2:1 respectively; and 1.78 MPa and 2.21 MPa for 100 × 100 mm blocks with sawdust to cement ratios of 3:2 and 2:1 respectively

Turgut and Algin [57] .

Turkey

105 × 90 × 75 mm blocks

Mix of cement, water, and three combinations of Limestone powder waste (LPW) and wood sawdust waste (WSW). 0%, 10%, 20% and 30% WSW replacement was used in the WSW-LPW combination

0%, 10%, 20% and 30% WSW replacements yielded 24.5, 16.6, 11 and 7.2 MPa respectively

Kupolati et al. [50] .

South Africa

100 × 100 × 100 mm cubes

Water, hardener, cement, sand and sawdust at 13%, 2%, 11%, 73% and 1% respectively

The average optimum compressive strength for brick cubes (100 × 100 × 100 mm) at the laboratory was 6.10 MPa. A minimum value of 4.0 MPa is specified for solid masonry units in masonry walls [51]