Sample

Average Crystalline Size (nm)

BET Specific Surface Area, S_BET (m²/g)

Pore Volume

(cm³·g⁻¹)

Pore Size

(˚A)

P25 TiO₂

7.31

58.90

0.047

16.9

Undoped TNTs

7.06

160

0.064

16.05

Nd-TNTs (Ti:Nd = 20:1)

7.93

175

0.068

16.07

Gd-TNTs (Ti:Gd = 20:1)

7.91

207

0.083

16.06

Nd-Gd-TNTs (Ti:Nd + Gd = 20:1)

6.35

231

0.073

16.11