Complication Type | Complication Name | Preventative Measure(s) |
Type I | Glaucoma | ・ Strictly monitor the cases with glaucoma. ・ Control inflammation postoperatively. ・ Be careful with pigment dispersion. ・ Control the haemorrhage. ・ Clean the viscoelastic agents well. |
Type II | Primary graft failure | ・ Do not use cornea with abnormal donor endothelium. ・ Be careful not to cause incorrect corneal stroge. ・ Make sure that surgical trauma is minimum. |
Type III | Graft rejection | None |
Type IV | Infectious keratitis and suture abscesses | ・ Cure keratitis sicca, blepharitis, acne rosacea, cicatricial conjunctival disease, trichiasis and trachoma during the preoperative period. ・ Make sure that instruments, solutions, donor tissue and/or storage media does not contaminate during the intraoperative period. ・ If epithelial defects or severe punctate keratopathy exists, cure it postoperatively. ・ Make sure that exposed or loose sutures does not happen. ・ Be careful with the hygiene if contact lens are used. ・ Carefully follow-up the graft failure development. ・ Carefully observe the patients with previous herpetic keratitis. ・ Carefully follow-up the patients with atopic disease, systemic immuno-suppression, diabetes, rheumatoid disease. ・ Avoid extensive tissue manipulation. ・ Be careful while administering corticosteroids. |
Type V | Posterior capsule opafication | None |
Type VI | Anterior synechiae | ・ If synechial formation occurs,control the inflammation. |
Type VII | Cystoid macular edema | ・ Be careful that vitreous corneal touch does not occur. ・ Make sure that vitreous incarceration in the wound does not happen. ・ Make sure that choronic intraocular inflammation is under control. ・ Be very careful that photic damage from the surgical microscope does not happen. |
Type VIII | Persistent epithelial defects | ・ Make sure that the predisposing factors are treated before performing penetrating keratoplasty. ・ Use only donor tissue that has excellent epithelium. ・ Careful tissue handling is necessary. ・ Avoid excessive irrigation. ・ Keep the epithelium hydrated by isoelastic agents during the intraocular procedure. |
Type IX | Corneal abscess | ・ Make sure about sterilization and hygiene. ・ Treat the eye and eyelid infections preoperatively. |
Type X | Wound leaks and iris tissue prolapse | ・ Carefully examine before completing the surgical procedure. ・ Avoid brunts after the surgery. |
Type XI | Acute choroidal detachment | ・ Be careful with elderly patients. ・ Make sure that intraocular pressure is under control. ・ Avoid performing intraoperative valsalva maneuvers. ・ Regulate the systemic hypertension. ・ Be careful with patients having myopia. |