e = ln ( g 0 Now × Time Light 3.335 millionlightyear Now A .D × Dis Light 3.335 millionlightyear Now × UNIVERSE ExpansionRate beginningpoint )

(173)

e = ln ( g 0 Old AOE Old × þ ) = ln ( g 0 Old AOE Old × D .C × ( MEARS ) )

(174)

e = ln ( g 0 Now A OE Exact × þ ) = ln ( g 0 Now AOE Exact × D .C × ( MEARS ) )

(175)